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Type 90 75 mm Field Gun
The was a field gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War, Soviet-Japanese Border Wars and World War II. The Type 90 designation was given to this gun as it was accepted in the year 2590 of the Japanese calendar (1930).〔War Department TM-E-30-480 ''Handbook on Japanese Military Forces'' September 1944 p 400〕 It was intended to replace the Type 38 75 mm Field Gun in front line combat units, but due to operational and budgetary constraints, the Type 38 continued to be used.〔Bishop, Chris. ''The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II''〕
==History and development==
Prior to World War I, the Imperial Japanese Army was largely equipped with Krupp cannons from Germany. After the Versailles Treaty, the Japanese switched to the French Schneider company, and purchased numerous examples for test and evaluation. With an Army rearmament program starting in 1931, a new 75 mm field gun loosely based on the French Schneider et Cie Canon de 85 mle 1927 built for Greece〔War Department Special Series No 25 ''Japanese Field Artillery'' October 1944〕〔Tomczyk, Andrzej, ''Japanese Armor Vol. 4'', p. 3.〕〔(History of War )〕 was introduced, and labeled the "Type 90".〔Mayer, S. L. ''The Rise and Fall of Imperial Japan'', pp. 57-59〕
However, few units were built, and the design never achieved its intended purpose of replacing the Type 38 75 mm Field Gun. The Schneider design was very complex and expensive to build, requiring very tight dimensional tolerances which were beyond the limits of Japanese industry to sustain at the time. In particular, the recoil system required a high amount of complex maintenance, which was difficult to sustain in front line combat service.〔Mayer, S. L. ''The Rise and Fall of Imperial Japan'', p. 59〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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